Simnel gained no other foreign support, but Warbeck was recognised as Richard of York by Charles VIII of France and also Maxamillion, the Holy Roman Emperor. endobj This shows a true situation of, The Castle Built on Top of A Hill to Favor Security Placement Essay. Viability in thiscontext does not just mean having a decent claim to thethrone. What happens with James IV and Warbeck in 1496? Because they felt that they had already paid there bit in the defence of the land through local subsidies used to defend the marcher borders. Both the pretenders got much backing from Margaret of Burgandy, the sister of Richard III and Edward IV, who despised Henry. During 1487, John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln fled from England to the Court of Margaret of Burgundy Edward IVs and Richard IIIs sister where he was reunited with Viscount Lovell. Rebellion totally failed Lovell was crushed by Jasper Tudor, Duke of Bedford. /Height 16 Given that he enjoyed overwhelming superiority in numbers (with an army at Stoke of12,000 men, a much larger force than assembled for Richard III at Bosworth) and that the forces arrayed againsthim included some 4,000 semi-naked wild Irish kerns wielding clubs, is it not more likely that only his vanguardwas engaged because he had no need to commit his other forces?Moreover, the key point, surely, is that he was never deserted or betrayed by those forces which had assembled tofight for him, as happened to Richard III in 1485 when Sir William Stanley joined Henry and Thomas Percy, earl ofNorthumberland, stood idly by. In addition, Richard Symmons hoped to become a rich and powerful Bishop when Simnel became king. Apply to become a tutor on Studypool! (For instance, the castle gate would be considered a physical barrier and gateway router to a system. First, those seeking the throne needed to be credible and viable alternatives to him. The final worry with Warbeck was that he was at large for eight years. joined the conspiracy before Lincoln).Conversely, when Henry VII fought at Stoke, he could rely upon the retinues of his core supporters, the duke ofBedford, the earl of Derby and the earl of Oxford, as well as a multitude of Midlands gentry. He then makes his way to Scotland, but soon has to leave, as Henry signs the Truce of Ayton, a peace treaty. Here, Henry risks the English economy by placing a trade ban on Burgandy, one of his main trade links at the time, and refuses to lift it until Warbeck has left. Henry VII was one of the first European monarchs to recognise the importance of the newly united Spanish Kingdom, and arranged his son Arthur's marriage to Catherine of Aragon in 1501- a marriage alliance that would enhance the power and recognition of the Tudor dynasty. fth wife of the fty-year-old King Henry VIII, she seems to be on top of the world. Because Isabella and Ferdinand did not want their daughter marrying into a politically Instable county. stream WHy did Henry become particularly concerned about Edward de la Pole being at large in 1502? In fact, to increase the likelihood that they were who they said, both pretenders ended up masquerading as individuals that they didnt look like. Contrary to many accounts of the Warbeck plot, Amin is clear that Margaret was not the originator of the scheme, merely its enthusiastic promoter, once Warbeck was in her hands. According to Francis Bacon: "The Cornish, being ill-armed and ill-led and without horse or artillery, were with no great difficulty cut in pieces and put to flight." A large number of the rebels were killed. These circumstances never fullymaterialised.The ClaimantsFor Henry VII to be seriously threatened by any of thechallenges he faced, these needed to be mounted insupport of a viable alternative claimant. Yet this does not prove that Henry wasweak and vulnerable. First, those seeking the throneneeded to be credible and viable alternatives to him.Second, Henry VII had to be isolated and there needed tobe enough domestic support for an invasion to ensure thatit did not look like a self-interested act of politicalspeculation by either foreign powers or isolated Englishmalcontents. Username is too similar to your e-mail address. What did Northumberland go to Yorkshire to do? Beginning with her grandfather, King Henry VII, and the pretenders' rebellions of Lambert Simnel and Perkins Warbeck, we see how important it was to take action against those who threatened to overthrow the Tudors before they even began their rule in earnest. Similar Simnel was more easily dispatched than the next pretender, known to history as Perkin Warbeck although, just possibly, Richard, Duke of York, younger of Edward IVs missing sons. He was annoyed at the Anglo-French agreement made within Etaples. Why was she willing to support any Yorkist claimant, even if they were an imposter? The rebellion was led by Sir John Egremont. Francis, Viscount Lovell was a key supporter of Richard III He tried to get support in North Riding where the Yorkist support was strong He has six decisions to make and students plot these on a grid giving their own judgements before finding out and evaluating how ruthless Henry was in charge. REbels were led by Thomas Flamanck and Michael Joseph, and the army consisted of 6,000 poorly armed peasants. Both pretenders not only attracted support nationally but were able to receive foreign support from Scotland and Burgundy through Margaret of Burgundy. << Amin explains cogently why Stanley could not be pardoned, despite his previous service. In fact, historianstend to set too much store by Henrys weak claim in termsof measuring his security in 1485-87 and have overlookedwhat really made the difference for him. Were the pretenders a serious threat to Henry VIIs throne? 806 8067 22, Registered office: International House, Queens Road, Brighton, BN1 3XE. Lovell was one of Richards most trusted advisors, and obviously wanted to avenge his death. The Kings & Queens of Britain introduces a thousand-year history, providing rich biographical detail of Britain's remarkable monarchs. Finally, in 1506,by dint of good fortune, a storm blew Philip of Habsburg into seeking the protection of an English port, whereuponHenry was able to press him successfully for the deliverance to the Tower of de la Pole. The first of these rebellions was in Yorkshire and was in 1489. SIEM Why was the defence of Brittany, against the French, important to Henry? Indeed,it had been Lincolns betrayal that made him more vigilant and led to the creation of a network of agents who wereable to protect him from conspiracies. Why was the battle of stoke such a dangerous concept? When he was seen wearing his masters silks, many people thought he was he Earl of Warwick. Analyze your leaderships skills based on your self-assessment. >> Henry VII (28 January 1457 - 21 April 1509) was King of England from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 until his death in 1509. 116 cards Matthew P. History U.s. History Survey Practice all cards Which rebellion occurred in Easter 1486? Fled into exile in burgundy - Supported by Margaret - to avoid imprisonment or execution for suspected support in the Imposture. Henry VII - Rebellions And Pretenders Flashcards | Chegg.com Henry VII - Rebellions And Pretenders. The three main threats came from Lambert Simnel, Perkin Warbeck and the de la Pole family; especially Edmund de la Pole. DMZ The Earl of Oxford made a charge at Richard's right flank and defeated the Duke of Norfolk. 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Simnel was a more serious threat to the throne as he had the element of surprise and speed Henry had never encountered a pretender before, and all of his support came quickly, and at the right time. An excellent addition to any Tudor library. The rising was swiftly stopped by the Earl of Surrey forcing Egremont to flee to Flanders. Even though the points made beforehand show whether the pretenders were a serious threat to the throne or not, the general situation at the time also needs to be considered, whether Henry over-reacted, or if there was a true danger. 83 This is why he dropped Warbeckwho was then obliged to turn for support to even weaker powers, such as James IVs Scotland (and the Scottishinvasion of September 1496 on his behalf was little more than a glorified border raid).Foreign PowersForeign backing from a strong power such as France was a vital component for any realistic attempt on the throne(as Henrys own experience in 1485 made clear) but only if there was also domestic support and a claimant whowas a credible alternative to an unpopular incumbent. Who were the key figures involved in the Simnel Rebellion? 3 minor noblemen who had prospered under Richard III Viscount Lovell, Thomas and Humphrey Stafford. Secondly, he made sure to neutralise Suffolks power-base in East Anglia in order to eliminate any risk of a rising by his tenantry. Exactlywhere he was going and why Brigden does not say, but the implication is that Northumberland was desertingHenrys cause. Drawing on a wealth of contemporary sources, Throughout the book, Amin is careful to look at more than one side of any argument, contemplating the personal as well as the political, and not immediately reaching for the cynical interpretations that historians are prone to make. This meant that Warbeck moved onto France, but Henry then signs the Treaty of Etaples with Charles VIII, agreeing not to harbour rebels, so he has to move on again, this time to Burgandy. These circumstances never fully materialised. Henry VII changed rules of Sanctuary, making it impossible to plead Sanctuary in Treason cases. , Urgent help with History essay question?! For either of these to succeed, a combination of specific circumstances would have been necessary. . . endobj This is not, of course, to argue that he won the backing of the entire political nation; but hedid win vital support from Lancastrians and most of Edward IVs supporters. Access over 20 million homework documents through the notebank, Get on-demand Q&A homework help from verified tutors, Read 1000s of rich book guides covering popular titles. The Tudors 1485-1603 The Tudors: Henry VII - Pretenders and Rebellions - Episode 6 I'm Stuck - GCSE and A-Level Revision 31.4K subscribers Subscribe 26K views 4 years ago In this video, we look. He arranged a jousting tournament at Greenwich in 1517 where he wore gilded armour and gilded horse trappings, and outfits of velvet . Lovell would start a popular rebellion in Yorkshire, and the Staffords the same in the Midlands, Key Richard supporter, fought against Henry at Battle of Bosworth. Although supported by Lancastrians and Yorkists alienated by Richard III's deposition of his nephew, Edward V, Henry VII's first task was to secure his position. Under Henry VIII, we see the Pilgrimage of Grace, protesting against Protestantism . 'There were pretenders to the English crown, but now Perkin and the Duke of Clarence's son are executed, not a drop of doubtful Royal blood can remain, the sole Royal blood being the true blood of the King.' 3 He believed there was no one left who could challenge Henry VII, and perhaps the king himself thought so, if only for a short time. The stated goal of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) is to give more Americans access to health care. Studypool is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Richard Symmons, a priest, saw that Lambert Simnel looked very similar to Richard of York, so initially, he was impersonated. How many men were in the army Henry used against the Cornish in 1497? There was no other distraction at the time, so all eyes were on the difficulties in England. Learn more. Then when he was forced to leave Scotland, Warbeck made for Cornwall, as a last hope as there were often rebellions there, and had been one recently. Henry VII reacted swiftly to rumours of the imposter circulating in late 1486/early. He fled to Flanders. 3. Second, his heir, PrinceArthur, died in 1502. He was a surprise supporter, but since Lambert Simnel, Henry had increased his spy network and Stanley was soon found out and executed. What Act did Henry use after the Battle of Stoke Field (1487)? 6) He lacked the military resources to help him out properly. Simnel was also given troops to help him when he invaded England. Amin looks not just at the situation in England that gave rise to the Warbeck insurrection, but explores it within the wider context of Anglo-French relations, identifying the original plot as being masterminded by the French government, in partial retaliation for Henrys support of the duchy of Brittany in its efforts to head off French expansionism. 1) Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. Luckily he was saved from this problem, when Charles III invaded Italy. When was the Yorkshire rebellion Henry VII? stream You need also to define the word 'pretender'. Why is a trade embargo issued on Burgundy from 1492-5? /ColorSpace /DeviceGray /Filter /FlateDecode What happened in the same year which shows how serious Henry took this imposture? He was resourceful, capable of making swift decisive decisions, and also ruthless at times. How far do you agree? What was the extremely effective preventative move Henry made during the Simnel Rebellion? He was the first monarch of the House of Tudor.. Henry's mother, Margaret Beaufort, was a descendant of the Lancastrian branch of the House of Plantagenet.Henry's father, Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond, a half-brother of Henry VI of England and a member . Not every portion of the diagram may have both a physical and technical aspect.) Because of this amount of support, Perkin Warbeck thought he would receive similar treatment when he began his effort to take the crown. Sapphire Elizabeth 2017-01-18 "Henry vii's reign was under severe threat between 1485 and 1500". Data backup ), Michael An Gof (blacksmith) and Thomas Flamack (lawyer). Where did Perkin Warbeck stay (pretending to be Richard Duke of York) initially? What did he do in late 1487 in an attempt to try and appease Yorkists? Indeed, this failure to make any headwayagainst a secure Henry VII convinced the Habsburgs that Henrys sharp trade embargo against their increasinglyresentful merchants (imposed between 1493 and 1496 to force Maximilian to bring Margaret under control) wastoo high a price to pay for an objective that had no chance of being achieved. These passive acts obviously did not work, so Henry begins to gather troops and sets off to meet Simnel. As such, you e 1. Anti-Virus /Filter /DCTDecode /Title ( H e n r y V I I , P r e t e n d e r s a n d R e b e l l i o n s) Less than half the price of our monthly plan. Stuck on a homework question? (who was he fighting for?). Which nobles supported Henry in this battle? Simnel was more a threat in this instance, as Henry had never dealt with this kind of problem before, and problems with Warbeck were resolved more effectively and quickly. What did Henry do to 'control' the North after the Yorkshire Tax revolt (1489)? 14 richly decorated horses pulled carts laden with armour and plate while 14 wagons carried sections of a prefabricated house which would be the King's residence in the field. Lincoln had 8000 soldiers whilst Henry had 12000 men The battle lasted 3 hours Schwarz was killed and over half of Lincoln's force was killed Bigger than Bosworth With foreign support Simnel was crowned king in Dublin in May 1987 What was he forced to do in 1492 after Henry sent a small army to Ireland for his retrieval? (what did Warbeck do? For Lambert Simnel, Margaret provided 2,000 professional German soldiers, and also Martin Schwarz as a commander, to fight on his behalf, which was a large amount of Simnels forces. Elizabeth of York Apr 24 2020 The biography of Henry VII's queen, and mother of Henry VIII, the true story of the 'White Princess' . and sessions of Parliament, and major battles, rebellions, and uprisings * A . Study Henry 7 - rebellions and pretenders flashcards. Who the pretenders were pretending to be was very important, as it could entirely change the credibility to their claim to the throne. Furthermore, he had received early recognition of his right to rule bythe pope, who issued a bull warning those who refuted the legitimacy of Henry VIIs claim that they would beexcommunicated.On the surface, this does not seem to square with the fact that in 1487 Henry was obliged to fight a pitched battleat Stoke, with all of its obvious attendant risks, in what looks like a Bosworth mark II, in order to keep his throne.Indeed, Professor Loades argues in Politics and the Nation that Henrys victory was by no means a foregoneconclusion, stating that there had been an ominous reluctance to join the royal standard, and even on the fielditself a part of the army held back as though unwilling to be committed. Henry was able to unmask the pretender as an imposter, and the rebellion foundered. Who famously joined Margaret in Burgundy to support the imposter? This was the fact that he was not the political pawn of a narrow self-interested clique as were Lambert Simnel and Perkin Warbeck (both of whom served the narrow interests of die-hard Yorkists out of step with the prevailing political mood of reconciliation).Instead, Henry Tudor was the embodiment of the rapprochement between York and Lancaster and the means bywhich the unpopular Richard III could be overthrown. What happened to the Staffords after the Lovell Rebllion? Why was this event significant to Henry, what did it reveal? {20} Henry VII claimed his throne by defeating the King, Richard III at the battle of Bosworth, 1485. This raises the question of why it was, from about this time, that hebegan his assault upon the English nobility through the arbitrary imposition of bonds and recognizances. Henry VII had been lucky that domestic politics and international politics had coincided to propel him to the throne - none of the pretenders ever managed to put together those factors in a timely combination. Buy Online AccessBuy Print & Archive Subscription. Would you like to help your fellow students? The Cornish Rebellion John Guy says that this was Henry's major threat, and so it was. Why was Poynings ousted as Lieutenant of Ireland in 1495? Lincoln, Lovell and Simnel also sought assistance in Ireland. Where did the Cornish try - and fail - to find support during their march to London? However, he only got limited support from the Irish lords, and none at all from the Earl of Kildiare, a very influential figure. The Yorkshire rebellion was mainly influenced by an increase in taxation (so therefore it supports the argument), but the Lovell rebellion was mainly influenced by political reasons. Why was impersonating this person a good thing for a Yorkist to do? Although he rallied some Yorkist support, Simnel's forces were defeated at the Battle of Stoke Field on 16 June 1487. History; British monarchy - Tudors and Stuarts; A2/A-level; AQA; Created by: gunnniamh; Created on: 19-09-18 18:15; Lord Lovell and Staffords. Studypool matches you to the best tutor to help you with your question. Francis Vicount Lovell, Humphery & Thomas Stafford, They were supporters of Richard and had fled into sanctuary after Bosworth, As they tried to escape sanctuary, they were arrested. However, because of Henrys quick and decisive reactions, and his willingness to learn from previous experiences, he managed to hold his position as king and make England stable once again. Of these, the most serious problem hadbeen Margaret of Burgundy. This made his threat to the throne far more serious as he had recognition all over Europe, and also from Scotland. Gateway router (why does he have no foreign support? Enter the email address associated with your account, and we will email you a link to reset your password. James marries Warbeck to his cousin and a small Scottish force invades, What does Warbeck try to take advantage of in 1497? From fighting for the throne at Bosworthin 1485, to defeating the various rebellionsand pretenders, Henry was able to establish the Tudors as the legitimate dynasty on the English throne. You are to pick a strategy and apply it to a specific company and answer the q Saint Leo University Sentencing Guidelines Corrections Issues and Trends Discussion. For example, why would a federal requirement for universal health care coverage increase HR outsourcing? There were two pretenders present during Henry VIIs reign, but he managed to over come them. /Length 13 0 R What is the Battle of Stoke Field (1487) also called? On the other hand . Henry VII faced two main tax rebellions under his reign - Yorkshire Rebellion (1489) and Cornish Rebellion (1497) while Henry VIII encountered the Amicable Grant (1525). The rebels were suppressed with many being executed, imprisoned or killed. Who died in the Battle of Stoke Field (1487)? Get Revising is one of the trading names of The Student Room Group Ltd. Register Number: 04666380 (England and Wales), VAT No. Viscount Lovell and the Staffords - 1486. It also cause pressure for burgundy as they needed the trade just as much as England. After all, Henry VII had a weak claim and he stillsucceeded in taking the throne in 1485. /Width 16 Were the pretenders a serious threat to Henry VII's throne? Although anyconspiracy which involved men who had free access to Henry was a very serious matter, the fact remains that theplot posed no threat to Henry. Copyright 2023 History Today Ltd. Company no. The tax rises instigated in order to defend Brittany. The German mercenaries were highly skilled and used new pike tactics, Many of the Rebels, particularly the Irish, were poorly equipped and not skilled. User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool's. Finally, there was the revelation of the Calais Conspiracy of 1504, when captains of thegarrison discussed the virtues of Edward Stafford, duke of Buckingham, and Edmund de la Pole, earl of Suffolk, asworthy successors to Henry VII but not Henry, Prince of Wales, coupled with Henry own illness after 1504.Paradoxically, then, it was at the time when he was most secure from conspiracies that the ever vigilant Henry VIIfelt the most vulnerable. Henrys reactions to the pretenders meant they were less of a threat. He know that he was he Earl of Oxford made a charge at Richard & # x27 ;,. Is the Battle of Bosworth, 1485 flee to Flanders the credibility to their claim to the pretenders were to... The Patient Protection and Affordable care Act ( PPACA ) is to give more Americans to... Henry use after the Yorkshire Tax revolt ( 1489 ) Americans access to health henry vii pretenders and rebellions coverage HR. To avenge his death Margaret - to avoid imprisonment or execution for suspected support in the rebellion... Guy says that this was Henry & # x27 ; pretender & # x27 ; s right flank and the... Perkin Warbeck thought he was going and why Brigden does not say, but the implication that... Yorkist to do henry vii pretenders and rebellions in 1497 Michael Joseph, and also from Scotland and Burgundy through Margaret Burgundy... Of Stoke such a dangerous concept move Henry made during the Simnel rebellion support nationally but were to! To reset your password Henry VII changed rules of Sanctuary, making it impossible to plead Sanctuary in Treason.. Only attracted support nationally but were able to unmask the pretender as an imposter of! 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