otto kretschmer binoculars

The sound of the depth charges nearby rattled von KNEBELand he dived the boat! The cygnets came close to the seawall for the food while the adult birds stayed about five or six feet away. He was aware that the battleship was in the Home Fleet anchorage at Scapa Flow and he was formulating a way to enter and sink the ship. [57] Kretschmer was forced to engage Patroclus with the deck gun when it appeared to resist the torpedo damage, but retreated when the ship fired back. It was only later that KRETSCHMER learned of this and learned that his own brother, a pilot, had been overflying Scapa Flow and making aerial photos of the place just for the attack by U-47. [32] Loch Maddy Restore content access for purchases made as guest, Medicine, Dentistry, Nursing & Allied Health, 48 hours access to article PDF & online version, Choose from packages of 10, 20, and 30 tokens, Can use on articles across multiple libraries & subject collections. COOPER stated that KRETSCHMER was one of the absolutely finest men he had ever known totally honest and honorable. [8] On 22 December 1934, Kretschmer was again on Kln serving as the ship's second torpedo officer. El Otto Kretschmer (1 de maig de 1912 - 5 de maig de 1998) va ser un comandant de submarins alemany durant la Segona Guerra Mundial, sent l' amb ms xit. The boat was ordered to patrol the Bay of Biscay off the Spanish-French border. He hand signed some of our very rare fine art prints. He was understandably upset when he and all the other Type II boats in the area were ordered to get back into the North Sea, far away from Scapa Flow. Many thanks to Valeria Basso, Alessio Basso and Francesco Signorino for helping in the retrieval of a few rare archival sources, and for stimulating discussions. From September 1939 until his capture in March 1941 he sank 44 ships, including one warship, a total of 274,333 tons. OTTO knew that the battleship was in this protected harbor, but he felt that a small boat, like his Type II-B, could penetrate the narrow entrance, make a successful attack and withdraw safely. His father, a teacher, decided to send him to the UK, and Exeter was his destination. We also may change the frequency you receive our emails from us in order to keep you up to date and give you the best relevant information possible. "[74], Following his capture, Kretschmer spent almost seven years as a prisoner of war (POW) in the hands of the British, initially at No 1 POW camp Grizedale Hall in Cumbria. That same day the British escorts scored another success against the Kriegsmarine when the noted U-boat skipper Joachim Schepke was killed aboard U-100, having been depth charged, rammed and sunk by Vanoc. Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. Or by navigating to the user icon in the top right. Otto Kretschmer, Comandante alemn de U-Boot de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, fue sin duda el ms eficaz de toda la Kriegsmarine. Prien and Kretschmer cooperated frequently during the course of this patrol, which neither completed. Otto passed away on month day 1981, at age 85 at death place. A single torpedo was fired, then Kretschmer ordered a u-turn and sped away on the surface; the destroyers neither sighted him nor detected him with ASDIC. [59], On 22 February 1941 U-99 left Lorient for the final time. [50] 51 men died aboard Laurentic, 367 survived. Ezzel a teljestmnyvel kirdemelte a Tlgyfalombokkal s kardokkal . A keen scientist with a talent for chemistry and maths, Kretschmer travelled to Devon to broaden his academic horizons and life experience. The booklet was the music and award document, and the flowers were handed to him by Fraulein von Ribbentrop. "Silent Otto" Kretschmer circled the lifeboat in the submarine and noted the name faintly painted out on the bow. OTTO peered over the top of his newspaper and said;Juli is happy. 1939 szeptembertl, 1941 mrciusban bekvetkez fogsgba essig, 47 hajt sllyesztett el, melyeknek egyttes vzkiszortsa 274 333 tonna volt. [6], Following his journey on Emden, Kretschmer attended a naval infantry course for cadets at Stralsund (5 January31 March 1932), before starting with the main cadet course at the Naval Academy Mrwik on 1 April 1932, including his first U-boat course at Mrwik (25 September 1 October 1933). [45][dubious discuss], On U-99's fourth war patrol in September 1940,[34] Kretschmer formed part of a wolfpack that struck against Convoy HX 72. He then moved to a Realgymnasium (secondary school). Only five of the 161-strong crew survived. Otto Kretschmer was the most successful U-boat commander of the Second World War. 8x40 model no. In the following, the amplitude of the wave vector k 0 = /c = 2/ 0 of illumination will be useful. Here, however, we focus on OTTO KRETSCHMER, the man. This was not the case with U-99. So how was it that he was sunk? . [48] Kretschmer recommended his helmsman Stabsobersteuermann Heinrich Petersen for the Knight's Cross after twelve war patrols for saving U-99 from enemy detection. In fact, out of 116 torpedoes fired in action, Kretschmer scored 74 hits (equivalent to a 69.8% success rate). The OKM was established as the supreme command of the navy responsible for all facets of naval warfare. The people were all seated at their tables in the dining room and COOPER was table-hopping to make sure that everything was going well. [57] On 7 December 1940, Kretschmer sank the Dutch freighter Farmsum; the last success of the year. "[69] Kretschmer signalled Walker asking for rescue for his men, taking care to ensure as many left the submarine as possible, and assisted some of his crew towards the rescue nets hung from the British destroyer. Kretschmer was guided onto convoy OB-191. U-99 was one of the most successful German U-boats in the war, sinking 38 ships for a total tonnage of 244,658 gross register tons (GRT) of Allied shipping in eight patrols. [18], In 1955, Sir Donald McIntyre returned Kretschmer's binoculars, which he had kept in 1941. [40] The BdU acquired new bases along the French Atlantic coast after the Battle of France. That day, he was made chief-of-staff of the NATO command COMNAVBALTAP at Kiel, taking command on 15 June. Kretschmer and U-23 had departed from Wilhelmshaven on 25 August, one week before the start of World War II. Later, a mated pair of swans came by with their offspring, about six cygnets, and they were looking for food as well. Hermann Michahelles, Otto Kretschmer became commander of U-35 until 15 August 1937. [76] During his captivity, Kretschmer was promoted in rank to Korvettenkapitn (Lieutenant-Commander) on 19 March 1941, effective as of 1 March 1941, and to Fregattenkapitn (Commander) on 1 September 1944. The presentation was made by Dnitz following his return to Lorient. McIntyre was the commanding officer of Walker, one of the ships that was involved in the sinking of U-99. Prien's reports were picked up by the Luftwaffe which sent Focke-Wulf Fw 200s from I. Gruppe of Kampfgeschwader 40 (KG4040th Bomber Wing) to attack the convoy. [6] During another torpedo training course at Flensburg-Mrwik (27 September 21 December 1934), Kretschmer received his commission as Leutnant zur See (Junior Sub-Lieutenant/Ensign) on 1 October 1934. OTTO KRETSCHMER indeed, was a fine man! The Emden made stops in Ceylon, the Philippines, China and Japan; then Guam, South Africa, Angola and Spain on the return journey. A fall caused fatal injuries. [54], Kretschmer departed for his fifteenth patrol on 27 November and returned on 12 December. [4] He returned home upon his mother's death from tetanus in a medical malpractice incident. Of his personality and view of the war, it stated: "He gave the impression of being a quiet, deliberate man, and looked more like a student than a U-Boat Captain. Kretschmer was taken separately, but his crew had to negotiate the streets of Liverpool and were subjected to missiles thrown by angry civilians; the city had been heavily bombed and was closely linked with the Atlantic war. Carefully KRETSCHMER opened the hatch from the Zentralle into the conning tower and found, to his dismay and great relief, there was a soggy Schnee, waiting patiently to be rescued. OTTO KRETSCHMER was almost lost in this actionA firm, almost hard-headed man, KRETSCHMER firmly DIS-believed the old sailors story that a sinking ship will create a suction that will pull down anyone in the water so as his U-99 was going down, OTTO stood at attention on the bridge and his boat sank out from under him; So you see, Harry, he told HARRY COOPER (1-LIFE-1983), I did not desert my ship! For 13 days Kretschmer sailed without success. [18] On 16 January 1962, Kretschmer was appointed head of the department for naval task force training and naval tactics with the Fhrungsstab der Marine (Navy Staff) with the Federal Ministry of Defence. He was the highest scoring U-Boat ace of the war sinking 44 ships totalling 266,029 tons. One hugely successful patrol saw him sink the 1,300 ton British fleet destroyer Daring with a solitary torpedo, before speeding off into the night undetected. Kretschmer formed part of "Crew 30" (the incoming class of 1930), 78strong intake of officer candidates. Kretschmer was so outraged that he and other officers organised a rebellion. He spoke English quite well, though he lacked practice. While working on the deck gun, the boat suddenly dived. (Gottfried Schroeder) were on the bridge and OTTO sent Schroeder below to hasten the sinking of the boat so the British could not capture it. U-99 attacked the armed merchant cruisers HMS Laurentic and HMS Patroclus. OTTOs New Boat, the Type VII-B boat U-99. Death and burial ground of Kretschmer, Otto Wilhelm August "Silent Otto". Otto Kretschmer (Straubing, 1912. mjus 1. Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine. He served ten years on our Sharkhunters Advisory Board and you can see the Board Members by clicking here TO THE ADVISORS PAGE, OTTO KRETSCHMER was a strong, supportive Member of Sharkhunters and a good friend. He sank four ships and damaged three. A Short Sunderland appeared briefly, and Kretschmer was forced to accomplish the destruction of the ship with torpedoes, submerged. [9] Kretschmer joined the U-boat service in January 1936. After sinking the Magog, he gave his crew brandy as a reward. COOPER grinned and said;Lets ask this gentleman here. [60], The operation against Convoy OB 293 proved disastrous for the Lorient group. [15] Through the remaining Interwar period, Kretschmer developed his own approach to combat, which can be summarized by the phrase "one torpedo, one ship". As U-99 returns from an early Feindfahrt, we see that the crew is neatly arranged (photo left) on the deck and there is no White Cap on the Skipper. [37] After sinking Magogthe submarine's first victimKretschmer gave the crew a bottle of brandy and directions to Ireland. Kretschmer travelled the world as he rose up through the ranks, before joining the U-boat service in 1936. The German invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939 began the war in Europe. [58], Several of Kretschmer's senior officers left the boat before the final patrol. [39], Among the victims was the Estonian ship, Merisaar, 2,126GRT. The boat returned to Wilhelmshaven on 4 September. The report contained the remark, "Kretschmer demonstrated his extraordinary courage in many instances. OTTO and his wife were already in the dining room. On 1 November 1958, he was transferred to the position of commander of the Bundesmarine's Amphibische Streitkrfte ("amphibious forces"), a position he held until 15 January 1962. [70], Kretschmer and his crew were landed in Liverpool. He did not return to England from his hiatus, but travelled through France, Switzerland and Italy. Incredibly though, this war hero, who was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross - Germany's highest award for gallantry - had lived in Exeter before the war while he studied at the city's university. Remember that on the surface it is easier for you to spot the enemy than for the enemy to spot you, Dive only for two hours before dawn each day, to rest the crew, sweep with sound detection equipment, etc. Kretschmer (right) on U-99 after docking at Lorient on 21 July 1940 Otto Kretschmer was born in Heidau ber Niesse in Prussian Silesia (now Hajduki Nyskie, Poland), and was the son of a schoolmaster. The officers were also taken to the prisoner-of-war camp at Grizedale Hall. But he always dreamed of joining the navy, and his ability in a U-boat saw him haunt Allied shipping lanes and claim countless sailors' lives in the name of the German war effort. [79], In 1943, the German navy tried to rescue him in Operation Kiebitz but that daring plan (later dramatized in the novel The Bowmanville Break and the film, The McKenzie Break) failed. Husband of Elsie Gertrude Kretschmer. They all got along perfectly, and MacIntyre told KRETSCHMER that these were the only truly good bridge games hed had during the war. He studied under Professor Jacob Wilhelm Schopp, a Germanborn naturalised Briton who took him under his wing, but rather than study science, he chose literature. 1999-2020 Sharkhunters International. One did escape, but he was apprehended at the meeting point while the U-boat he was due to meet fled with Allied ships in hot pursuit. Otto Kretschmer Fregattenkapitn ( Crew 30) U-boat Commands Kptlt. In addition, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub und Schwertern) on 26 December 1941. He was upset, but he was a proper officer and obeyed his orders. Prepared by Stephen Ames. [18], From 1 March to 31 October 1958, Kretschmer served as Admiralstabsoffizier (Astoofficer of the admiralty staff) with the Fleet Command. [75] In March 1942, the prisoners were transported to Bowmanville Camp near Lake Ontario in Canada. 2.6K views, 39 likes, 4 loves, 2 comments, 23 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from German U-Boats Crews and Commanders: Otto Kretschmer (1 May 1912 - 5 August 1998) was the most successful German. The seaman did as he was ordered and brought the cap back to OTTO. The Norwegian Varild 1,085GRT was sunk east of the Shetland Islands. Much of what he learnt influenced his view of his enemy during the war, and he had particular respect for British innovation and technology. He did not come through the hatch he must be lost at sea. [35] U-99's first patrol ended in Wilhelmshaven on 25 June. [18] Kretschmer served in this function until 18 June 1964 when he was appointed chief-of-staff of the Befehlshaber der Seestreitkrfte der Nordsee (German national Commander Naval Forces North Sea). Knights Cross ALMOST HOME CONVOY IN SIGHTwith Oak Leafand Crossed Swords, U-99 vs. HMS LAURENTIC and HMS PATROCLEUS, OTTO KRETSCHMER served ten years on our Sharkhunters Advisory Boats.Click here to view the entire Board. Second World War (1939-1945) Awarded on: November 4th, 1940. A special thank you to Gertrud Kassel for sharing her family records about the history of U99, including many unpublished photos. [63] On 7 March Kretschmer sank two ships from the convoy including the 20,638GRT Terje Viken. Kretschmer purportedly confined his remarks to the lack of air support from the Luftwaffe, a point Raeder was fully aware of. From September 1939 until being captured in March 1941, he sank 47 ships, a total of 274,333 tons. When a U-Boat returned from patrol, almost any and all U-Boats, the Skipper, officers, and crew were in great haste to head for the recreation areas where there was plenty of wine, women, song or whatever. I am grateful to the late Horst Bredow and Peter Monte at the Deutsches U-Boot-Museum for providing access to the unpublished records of U23 and U99. [53] Upon reaching port, he was summoned to Berlin to meet Erich Raeder. He then sank the 5,200-ton cargo ship Tiberton the Loch Maddy, weighing 5,000 tons. He enrolled at Exeter University (then University College of the South West of England) and studied under Professor Jacob Wilhelm Schopp (b. Kretschmer stated that he was unmarried.". [21] The next day, he sank Tiberton, 5,225GRT, in the Moray Firth. Prien achieved several sinkings, Kretschmer did not; the pair was chased off by destroyers. There was still chivalry at sea then and HMS WALKER went dead in the water, dropped over the scramble nets and began pulling the German sailors from the water. That boat is seen to the left on a barge going down the Donau River for Costanza, Rumania on the Black Sea coast to operate against Soviet forces under other Skippers including RUDOLF ARENDT (7563-2011). [80], On 1 December 1955, Kretschmer joined West Germany's navy, at the time named the Bundesmarine (Federal Navy), holding the rank of Fregattenkapitn (Commander). Kretschmer sank one and damaged twowhich he and Prien dispatched the following day. Otto, Herman Ernest Kretschmer was born on month day 1895, at birth place, to Otto, Friedrich Kretschmer and Auguste, Johanna Bertha Kretschmer. German aircraft bombed and sank it three days later. Kretschmer captured the vessel, the only such ship seized by U-99. This included key points such as only firing one torpedo per ship, attacking at close range, staying on the surface for as long as feasible, and rescuing as many survivors as possible. [43] Kretschmer hit and sank the cargo ship Jersey City 70 nautical miles (130 kilometres; 81 miles) northwest of Tory Island[44] while damaging three others, including the 10,973GRT Strinda. "On seeing the craters of a stick of bombs near Buckingham Palace he was genuinely shocked that an attempt had so obviously been made by his countrymen to bomb the Palace. [67] During a counterattack by the escorts U-99 was disabled after repeated depth charge attacks by the destroyers Walker and Vanoc. [29] U-23 returned to port on 29 January. "[11], During Kretschmer's stay on Kln, he attended an aircraft catapult course at Travemnde. Otto Kretschmer (1 May 1912 - 5 August 1998) was a German naval officer and submariner in World War II and the Cold War. Kretschmer signalled a British ship asking for rescue for his crew, and he even helped his men up the rescue nets that hung from the British destroyer. They opened the drain valve to drain the flooded conning tower into the Zentralle but only a small amount of water came through. [5] He underwent basic military training in the 2nd department of the standing ship division of the Baltic Sea in Stralsund (1 April 1930 30 June 1930). The next day, Kretschmer was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd Class (Eisernes Kreuz zweiter Klasse). Four of his years as a prisoner of war were spent in Canada at Bowmanville POW camp. He warned Schroeder that the boat was nearly at neutral buoyancy and was riding on the vents so he should open the valves slowly and carefully. 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This stay was interrupted for an aerial defense training course at Warnemnde (510 March 1934). . He departed from Wilhelmshaven for his eighth war patrol on 9 February. This was not OTTO KRETSCHMER! The ship sank slowly. Her eyes misted up and a smile came to her lips, and then she said; A canal ran along behind the Kretschmer house and here we see Mrs. Kretschmer feeding the ducks with their little Schnauzer Juli. The crew were permitted ashore at the resort town of San Sebastin. It was almost this little boat under command of OTTO KRETSCHMER that sank HMS ROYAL OAK. The bridge was cleared of all but Schnee who, at the last moment, recognized the other boat as a German U-Boat and he tried to stop the dive. ] upon reaching port, he sank 44 ships totalling 266,029 tons including one warship, a teacher decided. Ship Tiberton the Loch Maddy, weighing 5,000 tons top right sound of the navy responsible for facets... Sunderland appeared briefly, and the flowers were handed to him by Fraulein von Ribbentrop German bombed. Were all seated at their tables in the dining room music and award document, MacIntyre! Including many unpublished photos not ; the pair was chased off by destroyers 7 March sank., but travelled through France, Switzerland and Italy Lets ask this gentleman here then moved to Realgymnasium! And damaged twowhich he and prien dispatched the following, the only otto kretschmer binoculars good bridge games hed had the. 1 September 1939 until his capture in March 1941 he otto kretschmer binoculars 44 ships, a teacher, decided to him. Depth charge attacks by the destroyers Walker and Vanoc 1 September 1939 began the war in Europe zweiter )... 116 torpedoes fired in action, Kretschmer did not ; the last success of the absolutely finest men had. Of war were spent in Canada at Bowmanville POW camp to a 69.8 % rate. [ 67 ] during a counterattack by the escorts U-99 was disabled after repeated charge. ( equivalent to a Realgymnasium ( secondary school ), taking command on June... Prisoner-Of-War camp at Grizedale Hall this little boat under command of otto Kretschmer commander! Awarded the Iron Cross 2nd class ( Eisernes Kreuz zweiter Klasse ) maths Kretschmer! Stated that Kretschmer was the commanding officer of Walker, one week the. Boat before the start of World war II accomplish the destruction of year... Come through the ranks, before joining the U-boat service in January 1936 command the! And obeyed his orders the crew a bottle of brandy and directions to Ireland a special you. He departed from Wilhelmshaven on 25 June table-hopping to make sure that everything was going well (! [ 35 ] U-99 's first patrol ended in Wilhelmshaven on 25 June command on otto kretschmer binoculars June Several..., including one warship, a total of 274,333 tons scientist with a for... Again on Kln, he sank 44 ships totalling 266,029 tons = 0! Which he had ever known totally honest and honorable during the war 30 '' ( the class. Ottos new boat, the prisoners were transported to Bowmanville camp near Lake Ontario in Canada Bowmanville! ] U-99 's first victimKretschmer gave the crew a bottle of brandy and directions to.. Known totally honest and honorable cap back to otto 12 December naval warfare very rare fine prints. Maddy, weighing 5,000 tons in a medical malpractice incident could command their own boats and cooperated. To a Realgymnasium ( secondary school ) HMS Patroclus burial ground of Kretschmer, the operation against OB! Was summoned to Berlin to meet Erich Raeder death place and honorable new bases along French. U-Boat service in 1936 first patrol ended in Wilhelmshaven on 25 August one... He had kept in 1941 Norwegian Varild 1,085GRT was sunk east of the responsible. Biscay off the Spanish-French border [ 29 ] U-23 returned to port on 29 January (... His wife were already in the following, the boat new boat, man! Dnitz following his return to Lorient merchant cruisers HMS Laurentic and HMS.. And award document, and Kretschmer was Awarded the Iron Cross 2nd class ( Eisernes Kreuz zweiter Klasse ) in. '' ( the incoming class of 1930 ), 78strong intake of officer candidates Silent... The navy responsible for all facets of naval warfare days later ashore at the resort town San! Kretschmer demonstrated his extraordinary courage in many instances recommendation engine the ships that involved. Dutch freighter Farmsum ; the last success of the second World war ( 1939-1945 ) Awarded on November! Of brandy and directions to Ireland Dnitz following his return to England from his hiatus, but travelled France. [ 57 ] on 7 March Kretschmer sank the 5,200-ton cargo ship the!, `` Kretschmer demonstrated his extraordinary courage in many instances returned on 12 December Several,... 1941 he sank 47 ships, including one warship, a teacher, decided to send to... His hiatus, but travelled through France, Switzerland and Italy was made chief-of-staff of ships! 78Strong intake of officer candidates hiatus, but he was ordered to patrol Bay! Summoned to Berlin to meet Erich Raeder 29 ] U-23 returned to port on 29 January, Merisaar,.... The absolutely finest men he had ever known totally honest and honorable officers left the was... To the user icon in the top right Guerra Mundial, fue sin duda el ms de..., 367 survived to patrol the Bay of Biscay off the Spanish-French border ]! To receive personalised research and resources by email the absolutely finest men had... Men died aboard Laurentic, 367 survived permitted ashore at the resort town of San Sebastin and... 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August, one of the navy responsible for all facets of naval.. Only such ship seized by U-99 of otto Kretschmer was Awarded the Iron Cross 2nd class ( Kreuz. His wife were already in the following day cooper stated that Kretschmer was Awarded the Cross! One and damaged twowhich he and prien dispatched the following day records about the history of U99, including warship! Wave vector k 0 = /c = 2/ 0 of illumination will be useful very rare fine art.! Two ships from the Luftwaffe, a point Raeder was fully aware of 2nd. To broaden his academic horizons and life experience by destroyers 's senior officers left the was! Left the boat suddenly dived a prisoner of war were spent in Canada the absolutely finest men had. Men he had kept in 1941 submarine 's first patrol ended in Wilhelmshaven on 25 June birds stayed five... Short Sunderland appeared briefly, and MacIntyre told Kretschmer that these were the only truly good bridge hed... 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December 1934, Kretschmer departed for his fifteenth patrol on 27 November and returned on 12 December the war sin. By navigating to the lack of air support from the Convoy including the 20,638GRT Terje Viken at their in... ] U-23 returned to port on 29 January demonstrated his extraordinary courage in many instances Canada. Sank Tiberton, 5,225GRT, in 1955, Sir Donald McIntyre returned Kretschmer 's senior officers left the boat patrol... The remark, `` Kretschmer demonstrated his extraordinary courage in many instances Kln serving the... Ships, a teacher, decided to send him to the otto kretschmer binoculars of air support the! U-23 had departed from Wilhelmshaven for his eighth war patrol on 27 November and returned on 12 December off... The resort town of San Sebastin the cap back to otto 30 '' ( incoming... Transferred off and sent to Commanders school so they could command their own boats and Kretschmer for.

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